Glycerophospholipids (GP)

From LipidomicsWiki

Contents 1 LIPID MAPS Subclasses 2 Basics 2.1 Structures 2.2 Natural sources 2.3 Nomenclature 2.4 Biophysical properties 3 Biochemical pathways 3.1 Biochemical synthesis 3.2 Metabolism 3.3 Degradation 4 Biological processes associated 5 Technology 5.1 Analysis methods 5.2 Chemical synthesis

LIPID MAPS Subclasses

• Glycerophosphocholines (GP01)
• Glycerophosphoethanolamines (GP02)
• Glycerophosphoserines (GP03)
• Glycerophosphoglycerols (GP04)
• Glycerophosphoglycerophosphates (GP05)
• Glycerophosphoinositols (GP06)
• Glycerophosphoinositol monophosphates (GP07)
• Glycerophosphoinositol bisphosphates (GP08)
• Glycerophosphoinositol trisphosphates (GP09)
• Glycerophosphates (GP10)
• Glyceropyrophosphates (GP11)
• Glycerophosphoglycerophosphoglycerols (GP12)
• CDP-Glycerols (GP13)
• Glycosylglycerophospholipids (GP14)
• Glycerophosphoinositolglycans (GP15)
• Glycerophosphonocholines (GP16)
• Glycerophosphonoethanolamines (GP17)
• Di-glycerol tetraether phospholipids (caldarchaeols) (GP18)
• Glycerol-nonitol tetraether phospholipids (GP19)
• Oxidized glycerophospholipids (GP20)
• Other Glycerophospholipids (GP00)

Basics

Glycerophospholipids are beside the [[Sphingolipids (SP)] the principal structural components of cellular membranes, with phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SPM) being the most abundant. Quantitatively minor membrane phospholipids include the aminoglycerophospholipids phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and the inositol-glycerophospholipid phosphatidylinositol (PI). Intracellular metabolism and traffic of these lipids are tightly associated with that of cholesterol traffic. The above mentioned phospholipids serve as essential regulators of multiple cellular processes, either directly or by their enzymatic degradation resulting in the formation of bioactive lipid signaling molecules.

Structures

Natural sources

Nomenclature

• IUPAC
• LIPID MAPS Classification Scheme
• Trivial - non systematic - names

Biophysical properties

Biochemical pathways

Biochemical synthesis

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Metabolism

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Degradation

Biological processes associated

Link to Lipids as constituents of biological processes

Technology

Link to Lipidomics technologies

Analysis methods

Chemical synthesis