Glycerophosphoethanolamines (GP02)

From LipidomicsWiki

Contents 1 Basics 1.1 Structure 1.2 Natural sources 1.3 Nomenclature 1.3.1 Synonyms 1.4 Biophysical properties 2 Biology / biochemistry 2.1 Biochemical synthesis 2.2 Metabolism 2.3 Enzymes/gene lists 2.4 Associated biological processes 3 Technology 3.1 Analysis methods 3.2 Chemical synthesis

Basics

Structure

Formula: C7H12NO8PR2

Natural sources

Nomenclature

Synonyms

• Phosphatidylethanolamine
• (3-Phosphatidyl)ethanolamine
• (3-Phosphatidyl)-ethanolamine
• Cephalin
• 1-Acyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
• O-(1-beta-Acyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)ethanolamine

Biophysical properties

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was once given the trivial name 'cephalin'. PE is usually the second most abundant phospholipid in animal and plant lipids and it is frequently the main lipid component of microbial membranes and obviously a key building block of membrane bilayers. It is a neutral or zwitterionic phospholipid (at least in the pH range 2 to 7).

Biology / biochemistry

Biochemical synthesis

Phosphatidylethanolamine itself is synthesized from diacylglycerol and CDP-ethanolamine via the “Kennedy pathway” employing similar biochemical reaction steps as for phosphatidylcholine. Thus, the formed PE can be sequentially methylated on its primary amine using S-adenosylmethionine as the methyl donor by the enzyme PE-N-Methyl-Transferase (PEMT) to form PC after the sequential transfer of 3 methyl groups. These sequential reactions are termed the PEMT pathway.

Metabolism

Enzymes/gene lists

Associated biological processes

Technology

Analysis methods

• Phosphatidylethanolamine - ESI-MS/MS - Liebisch et al.
• Phosphatidylethanolamine-based plasmalogens - ESI-MS/MS - Liebisch et al.

Chemical synthesis